
Danes se s konji ne bojujemo več za dežele in plen, temveč za denarne in častne nagrade, ki so tem večje, čim večja je zahtevnost.
Izhodišče vsakega šolanja v dresurnem jahanju je osnovno šolanje, ki je doseglo stopnjo A (za začetnike). Sledijo stopnje L, M in S za “lahko”, “srednjo” in “težko”, pri čemer se ne stopnjuje le zahtevnost do jezdeca, temveč tudi do izšolanosti konja.
Tekmovanja potekajo na ograjenem prostoru dimenzij 60 x 20 m.
Dresuro lahko označimo kot sistematično gimnasticiranje s ciljem, izbalansirati konja z dodatno jezdečevo težo, ga spraviti v ravnotežje in spodbuditi k polnemu razvijanju njegovih zmožnosti. Da konj z lahkoto nosi težo jezdeca, moramo načrtno razvijati in krepiti njegovo mišičje, zlasti zadnjega dela. Šele ko se konj nauči, da jezdečevo težo s pleč in sprednjega dela v večji meri prenese na zadnji del, se lahko z dodatno jezdečevo težo giblje v ravnotežju. Vzporedno s krepitvijo mišičja se mora konj naučiti, kako razumeti vplive jezdeca in jim konkretno slediti. Jezdec mora s konjem nenehno uriti posamezne lekcije dresurnih nalog in izboljševati njihovo izvedbo:
- enakomerno gibanje v vseh treh osnovnih vrstah hoda (takt);
- uravnovešeno, mirno, prožno nihanje konjevega hrbta (sproščenost);
- enakomerno, stalno povezavo med rokami jezdeca in usti konja (naslon);
- enakomerno, prožno in energično gibanje zadnjih nog (zamah);
- jahanje konja na ravni liniji, tako da zadnje noge stopajo v sledi sprednjih (izravnanost);
- razvijanje močnejšega odriva zadnjih nog (zbranost), pri čemer se mora prednji del pridvigniti in zadnji del znižati.

Začnejo se s turnirji razreda E (uvodna stopnja) v kategoriji C (lokalni turnirji) za jezdece, ki še nimajo kvalifikacij oziroma imajo le bronast mladinski jahalni znak. Sledi razred A (začetniki) kategorije B (regionalni turnirji) za lastnike bronastega Nemškega jahalnega znaka za odrasle ali za jezdece višjih kvalifikacij. Ti jezdeci prejmejo izkaznico, v kateri je označena njihova zmogljivostna skupina (od 5 do 1). Njihovi konji morajo biti vpisani v seznam turnirskih konj. V kategoriji B so organizirani tudi preskusi razreda L (lahki), M (srednje težki) in S (težki). Za turnirje kategorije A so mednarodni razpisi in segajo od razreda M prek S do najvišjih možnih preskusov, Grand Prix in Grand Prix Special.
Pogoji za dobro dresuro
Da bi se konj prostovoljno gibal uravnoteženo in sproščeno, ga moramo najprej naučiti sprejemati naša dejstva. Nujno potrebno je pravilno in prožno sedišče. Samo takrat, ko jahač prilagodi svoje gibanje konjevemu, bo konj gibčen, živahen in sproščen. Jahač, ki bo upošteval naravo in značaj svojega konja in z njim ne bo ravnal kot s strojem, bo imel velike možnosti za uspeh.
Zamah, zbiranje in jahanje v “naslonu” – Dresura je skupno delo jahača in konja. Zamah, zbiranje in naslon so pri dresuri zelo pomembni.
Zamah – Je želja po gibanju naprej, usmerja pa jo jahač. Jahanje z zamahom je mogoče le, ko so vsa jahačeva dejstva usklajena. Pri lepem zamahu konj ne hiti, ampak se njegov zadnji del pri gibanju zniža in konj stopa z zadnjima nogama čedalje bolj pod sebe.
Zbiranje – če hočemo, da se bo konj gibal uravnoteženo, ga moramo naučiti pravilno porazdeliti težo. V naravnem položaju nosi konjev sprednji del več teže kot zadnji. Ko nosi jahača, je ta razlika še večja. Z razvijanjem mišic na hrbtu in zadnjem delu bo konj nekaj teže s sprednjega dela prenesel na zadnji del. Tako bo ohranil naravno ravnotežje, čeprav nosi težo jahača na sprednjem delu.
Konj je zbran takrat, ko mu jahač pomaga, da se giblje v zamahu in da prenese težo na zadnji del.
Naslon – če želimo dobiti konja v naslon, moramo uskladiti priganjalna dejstva in občutljive roke.
Jahač mora čutiti v rokah konjev zamah, ustvarjen s priganjalnimi dejstvi in prenesen prek konjevih ust. Konja, ki je v naslonu, lahko vidite in čutite: njegovo zatilje sproščeno, vrat upogljiv, vajeti so rahlo napete. Konj se ne sme izogibati našim dejstvom.

Predpisana obleka za dresurna tekmovanja.
Tisti, ki želijo tekmovat, morajo vedeti, da morata biti konj in jahač primerno opremljena. V nekaterih deželah ocenjujejo tudi opremo. Konj mora biti urejen, jahač pa pravilno oblečen. Pravilna oprema dresurnega jahača:
- črn ali temno moder jahalni jopič
- bele, beige ali rumene jahalne hlače
- ustrezna bela kravata ali ovratnik, rokavice
- črni jahalni škornji
- jahalna kapa, melona ali cilinder
V nižjih kategorijah je uporaba ostrog in biča dovoljena. V višjih kategorijah je uporaba biča prepovedana, uporaba ostrog pa je obvezna.
Ko jahate na tekmovanju, imejte v mislih, da je pri vseh kategorijah najpomembnejša popolna harmonija med jahačem in konjem.
V dresuri je zelo pomembna VISOKA ŠOLA konja
Najvišjo stopnjo šolanosti konja imenujemo visoka šola. Šele ko se izkaže, da konj zmore velike psihične in fizične zahteve dresurnega šolanja do razreda S ter daje tudi dovolj inteligenten in dela voljan, lahko začnemo z vajami visoke šole. Te zahtevajo popolno zbranost in se delijo v šole na zemlji in nad zemljo. Vaje šol na zemlji so piafe (kas na mestu), pasaž (lebdeči kas z manj izdatnimi koraki), pirueta v galopu (prednji del dela v galopu okrog okoli zadnjih nog, ki se gibljejo v majhnih galopnih skokih) ter menjava galopa na vsak korak.
Lekcije nad zemljo so konje učili nekdaj v vojne namene in jih danes lahko videvamo le še v cirkusih ali na posebnih predstavah.
K visoki šoli nad zemljo spadajo vaje, pri katerih se konj s sprednjim delom ali s sprednjim in zadnjim delom dvigne s tal. To so levada (dvig sprednjega dela do 45 stopinj od tal), pesada (dvig sprednjega dela nad 45 stopinj od tal), krupada (skok na mestu; noge so potegnjene pod trup), balotada (sprednje in zadnje noge so pri skoku prav tako pokrčene, toda od zadaj lahko vidimo podkve zadnjih nog), mezer (mezair; več zaporednih levad), kurbeta (večkratni enakomerni skoki naprej na zadnjih nogah, ne da bi se sprednje noge dotikale tal) in nazadnje kapriola (skok, ko konj udari z zadnjima nogama nazaj in obenem pritegne prednji nogi).

Dresurni konj
Dresurni konj mora biti čim bolj skladno, elegantno grajen, z dolgimi, poševnimi linijami, in se mora z zamahom gibati v taktu. Poleg tega mora biti zdrav, izražati mora delavnost, veselje do gibanja, poslušnost, občutljivost in uravnotežen temperament.
Viri:
Heidrun Werner – Pasme, nega, šolanje, šport
Josee Hermsen – Konji in konjeniški šport
Jože Jurkovič – Konjereja
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